Abstract
An agent other than hepatitis-B (HB) virus seemed to be the cause of 36 (71%) of 51 cases of post-transfusion hepatitis identified during prospective biweekly serological follow-up of 204 cardiovascular-surgery patients. The sera of the 36 cases showed no evidence of the antigen or antibody response expected to accompany infection by HB virus and to be detectable by the sensitive assays used. Incubation periods and clinical and epidemiological features were inconsistent with hepatitis A. Cytomegalovirus-associated seroconversion was no more common among the HB-negative cases than among HB-positive cases or among patients who did not develop hepatitis. The data suggest that a large proportion of long-incubation post-transfusion hepatitis is unrelated to hepatitis B and that control of post-transfusion hepatitis will require identification of a hepatitis virus(es) type C.
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