Abstract
Empirical and numerical methods of design play a vital role in assessing rock mass behaviour quantitativelyand qualitatively for the design of underground structures and support systems. The purpose of this research is to reviewthe techniques used for the management and prevention of failures that occur in rock mass for safe, stable, efficient, andeconomical design of support system for underground structures especially tunnels in diverse rock mass conditions.Failure of tunnels in rocks can occur during construction as well as during service; however, the former is very common.The most challenging task in tunnel construction is the rehabilitation and remedial process of the failed tunnel section.Unfortunately, due to differences in nature, shape, and type of failure, each case needs to be treated discretely andindependently. The risk of failure can be minimized by implementing prior preventive measures, while the success ofrehabilitation is based on better management of rehabilitation work. However, both prevention and rehabilitation needample investigative knowledge that can be learned from case histories. The current work is related to the prevention andmitigation methods of tunnel failure and collapses that occur during the early stages of tunnel designing.
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