Abstract
There are a number of measures that are available to reduce the sexual transmission and acquisition of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These include: antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in those living with HIV to achieve an undetectable viral load, which eliminates the sexual transmission of HIV, and is a concept known as ‘Undetectable = Untransmittable’ (‘U=U’); Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) to HIV, which provide protection against the sexual acquisition of HIV; and advice for HIV-negative women who wish to conceive with a male partner living with HIV.
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