Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Recurrent Early Pregnancy Loss

Abstract

Background Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is one of the most frustrating and difficult areas in reproductive medicine because the etiology is often unknown and there are few evidence-based diagnostic and treatment strategies. Studies on the etiology, evaluation, and management of RPL are often flawed. Aim of the Work The aim of the current study was to assess the association between vitamin D status and recurrent pregnancy loss. Patients and Methods The current study was conducted at Ain shams University Maternity Hospital during the period between October 2020 and April 2021. This research recruited 60 pregnant women categorized in to two research groups: Group A - study group: 30 pregnant women with early pregnancy loss and history of repeated pregnancy loss, Group B - control group: 30 pregnant women complete the first trimester with no early pregnancy loss. The 25(OH)D concentration measured in this case control study with predominantly first-trimester blood sampling. Results Choosing matched controls was to decrease confounders so according demographic variables; there was a statistically insignificant difference between group A (RPL) and group B (Normal pregnancy) as regards the demographic research data of study subjects recruited, the mean age was 24.5±2.6 years, the mean BMI was 25.8±2.1 Kg/m2. There was a statistically significant difference between Group A (RPL) and group B (Normal pregnancy) as regard 25(OH)D level (p < 0.001), mean was 11.9±3.2 ng/ml and 16.9±6.5 ng/ml respectively. Vitamin D was significantly associated with recurrent pregnancy loss. Conclusion The current study showed a significant association between vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and occurrence of Recurrent pregnancy loss. A lot of researches needed to increase the quality of evidence about the association between low levels of vitamin D and recurrent pregnancy loss.