Comparison of Vitamin D Status between Healthy Pregnant Women and Women with Recurrent Early Spontaneous Pregnancy Loss

Abstract

Introduction: Recurrent early spontaneous pregnancy loss is the most common negative outcome of pregnancy and identification of modifiable risk factors is potentially of great importance for public health. The immunological factors may play a role in failure of pregnancy in women with recurrent pregnancy loss. The role of this vitamin D has also been proved in the immune system. Aim of the Study: This study aim to determine serum vitamin D status among women with recurrent early spontaneous pregnancy loss and to compare the vitamin D level among them with healthy pregnant women. Methods: This cross sectional comparative study was done at the out patient department of obstetrics and Gynecology in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University during September 2018 to August 2019. The study comprises of 70 women carrying singleton fetus, gestational age between 8 to 12 weeks, in the age range of 18 to 35 years. The respondents were divided into two groups, 35 pregnant women in their early pregnancy loss with previous history of two or more early spontaneous pregnancy loss were considered as group I and 35 women in their early live pregnancy with previous history of one or more successful pregnancy and no history of any pregnancy loss were considered as group II. Fasting serum vitamin D level was measure by CMIA. Results: This study found that most the respondents were vitamin D deficient in both groups. In group I 17(48.6%) and in group II 10(28.6%) were vitamin D severe deficient. Again in group I 18(51.4%) and 24(68.6%) in group II were vitamin D deficient. The mean vitamin D level was 9.90±2.28 ng/ml in group I and 11.43±3.96 ng/ml in group II. The differences was statistically not significant (P>0.05) between two groups. There is a negative correlation (r-0.235; p 0.175) between serum vitamin D level and number of pregnancy loss. Which indicate increase number of pregnancy loss associated with decrease level of vitamin D. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficient in both groups, however the vitamin D level was comparatively low in women with recurrent early spontaneous pregnancy loss but the differences was not significant between two groups.