Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infections Among Students Residence in Nicon Hostel, Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are serious health problems affecting millions of people each year. It is cause by both certain fungi, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and occurs in both acute and chronic forms. The most common causative agent for both uncomplicated and complicated UTIs is uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). The uropathogens include UPEC, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, group B Streptococcus (GBS), Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida spp. This study is based on the determining the presence or absence of bacteria in the urine sample, isolation and identification of the most prevalent bacteria associated with UTI and to identify the drug sensitivity patters of the isolates. Methods: This involves determination of sample and sample collection, urinalysis, isolation and identification of uropathogens and antibiotic sensitivity test. One hundred and ninety (190) female students residing in the hostel of the Federal Polytechnic Bida were examined for significant bacterial indicators of urinary tract infections. Results: Analysis of their clean voided, midstream urine revealed that 57 (30%) isolates were positive for bacteria while 133 (70%) were negative. The fifty-seven (57) bacterial isolates were tentatively characterized into six genera. The frequencies of occurrence of the bacterial species are in the order: Escherichia coli (35.09%), Proteus sp. (10.53%), Klebsiella sp. (19.29%), Staphylococcus sp. (22.81%), Candida sp. (21.05%) and Pseudomonas sp. (7.02%) whereas mixed culture (15.79%). A total of 57 (100%) were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, 51 (89.47%) to Pefloxacin, 41 (71.93%) to Sparfloxacin. Zinnacef, Gentamycin and streptomycin had a relatively fair activity on the isolates with sensitivities of 37 (64.91%), 30 (52.63%) and 24 (42.1%) respectively. However, bacterial isolates obtained from this survey generally showed a similar pattern of resistance to antibiotics. Conclusion: The prevalence of UTI is high among the student resident of Nicon hostel of the Federal Polytechnic Bida.