Prevalence of Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction in Pregnant Women

Abstract

Pregnancy is a period when a woman’s body leads to various musculoskeletal issues including Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD). The term symphysis pubis dysfunction refers to a collection of distressing symptoms that occur in the pelvic area and cause limitation while performing activities of daily living. Objective: To find the Prevalence of symphysis pubis dysfunction in pregnant women. Methods: From June 2022 to January 2023, following a duration of 6 months, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 267 pregnant women aged 20-35 years. Those with pelvic pain during any trimester were enrolled from gynecology department of Riphah International Hospital and Al-Khidmat Razi Hospital, Rawalpindi. Participants meeting inclusion criteria were evaluated for symphysis pubic pain based on specific criteria, including (signs and symptoms, palpation, and diagnostic tests like the Positive Patrick Faber and Trendelenburg tests). Pain severity was assessed using visual analogue scale. Results: Out of 267 participants, 32% participants were diagnosed with symphysis pubis dysfunction while 68% participants did not have SPD. The most prevalent symptoms are turning over in the bed (79 %), bending down (75%), and standing on one leg (71%) which is mostly reported by the majority of women in the third trimester with moderate pain perception. Conclusions: Study concluded the notable prevalence of SPD with the most prevalent symptoms turning over in the bed, bending down, and standing on one leg. These symptoms were predominantly noted among women in the third trimester, accompanied by a moderate level of pain.