Abstract
Background: Gastric intestinal metaplasia is seen chronic gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of subtypes of intestinal metaplasia and presence of Helicobacter pylori infection.
 Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study done at Kathmandu Medical College teaching Hospital in Pathology department from December 2018 to August 2019. The endoscopic biopsies were evaluated for intestinal metaplasia and Helicobacter pylori with the help of Hematoxylin and Eosin stains as well as Giemsa stain. Subtypes of intestinal metaplasia were classified with the help of periodic acid- Schiff/Alcian Blue stain combination and High Iron Diamine- Alcian Blue stain at pH 2.5. The relationship between Helicobacter pylori and subtypes of intestinal metaplasia were compared. Fisher’s exact test was used for statistical evaluation. A p value of ˂0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
 Results: The prevalence of intestinal metaplasia was found in 57 (12.2%) biopsies. Type I intestinal metaplasia was found in 23 (40.4%) biopsies, type II in 10 (17.5%) biopsies and type III in 24 (42.1%) biopsies. Helicobacter pylori was positive in 28(49.1%) and it was negative in 29(50.9%) biopsies. No statistical significant correlation was seen in the subtypes of intestinal metaplasia with Helicobacter pylori status (p˃0.05).
 Conclusion: Intestinal metaplasia is frequently observed in endoscopic biopsies, most common being type III subtype.
Highlights
Gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a replacement of gastric mucosal epithelium by mucosal cells with intestinal morphology and is considered as a precursor lesion for gastric cancer.[1]
The biopsies were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain to evaluate for the presence of intestinal metaplasia
No statistical significant difference was found in the prevalence of types of gastric IM with H. pylori status (p0.05) (Table 2)
Summary
Gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a replacement of gastric mucosal epithelium by mucosal cells with intestinal morphology and is considered as a precursor lesion for gastric cancer.[1] Prevalence of gastric IM worldwide is unknown, the study done by Sonnenberg and colleagues found 7% prevalence.[2]. Based on the histomorphology and mucin-histochemistry, the gastric IM are classified as complete (type I) and incomplete (types II and III). It has been suggested that, chronic gastritis induced mainly by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is usually associated with IM.[3] Several. Gastric intestinal metaplasia is seen chronic gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of subtypes of intestinal metaplasia and presence of Helicobacter pylori infection
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