Abstract
BackgroundThe paediatric population has a high incidence of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD). A notable risk factor is the presence of craniofacial abnormalities. The objective of the study was therefore to survey the prevalence of SRBD in patients presenting for interceptive treatment. Material and MethodsProspective study with a sample of 249 healthy patients. The “Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire” and “Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children” were completed by the children’s parents and the results were evaluated. All patients had their medical records reviewed and underwent orthodontic diagnosis by oral examination, as well as dental cast and cephalometric analysis. Finally, we compared the results of the pre- and post-treatment questionnaires of 50 patients in the sample. ResultsBased on the results of the questionnaires, 22.8% of the study sample had SRBD. No statistically significant correlation was found between SRBD and the anthropometric characteristics and occlusal variables assessed. According to the cast analysis, patients with SRBD had a smaller maxillary width (p<0.003), and according to the cephalometric study, less overbite (p<0.003). Furthermore, the prevalence of SRBD was higher among patients with a history of adenotonsillectomy (p<0.02). Comparison of the results of pre- and post-treatment questionnaires revealed significant differences after orthodontic treatment (p<0.0005). ConclusionsIt is necessary to identify the presence of SRBD in orthodontic patients given its high prevalence. Patients with SRBD have a smaller maxillary width and less overbite. Key words:Sleep-related breathing disorders, paediatric sleep questionnaire, cephalometry.
Highlights
Sleep-related breathing disorders are a syndrome of upper airway dysfunction characterised by the presence of snoring and/or respiratory effort secondary to an increase in airway resistance and pharyngeal obstruction
The Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) are among the most widely used in the paediatric population
It was decided to carry out this study with the following objectives: - Determine the prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) using questionnaires in patients presenting to Sant Joan de Déu Hospital for interceptive orthodontic treatment. - Assess the correlation between the onset of SRBD and dentofacial characteristics. - Compare the results of pre- vs. post-orthodontic treatment questionnaires
Summary
Sleep-related breathing disorders are a syndrome of upper airway dysfunction characterised by the presence of snoring and/or respiratory effort secondary to an increase in airway resistance and pharyngeal obstruction. The PSQ, which was developed by Chervin [1] in 2007 for the diagnosis of sleep-related breathing disorders, has a high sensitivity and diagnostic specificity (0.78 and 0.72, respectively). It was decided to carry out this study with the following objectives: - Determine the prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) using questionnaires in patients presenting to Sant Joan de Déu Hospital for interceptive orthodontic treatment. The “Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire” and “Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children” were completed by the children’s parents and the results were evaluated All patients had their medical records reviewed and underwent orthodontic diagnosis by oral examination, as well as dental cast and cephalometric analysis. Patients with SRBD have a smaller maxillary width and less overbite
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