Prevalence of Pre-diabetes, Diabetes and Associated Risk Factors among Staff and Students of Federal Polytechnic, Kaura-Namoda

Abstract

Obesity and overweight are major public health issues worldwide. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of diabetes and its associated risk factors among the staff and students of Federal Polytechnic Kaura-Namoda. A total of 159 participants took part in the study, consisting of 60 staff and 99 students. Anthropometric measurement and the World Health Organization’s (WHO) cut-offs were used to classify body weight into underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level was determined using glucometer. Blood pressure was measured using an electronic blood pressure monitor. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 2.5%, with 2.0% being known cases and 0.5% newly diagnosed individuals. The prevalence of diabetes was higher in staff (2%) than in students (0.5%). The prevalence of pre-diabetes was 5.7%, with 4.4% occurring in staff and 1.3% in students. While the prevalent overweight and obesity were 51% and 23.9% respectively, among the participants, with students being more affected than staff. Hypertension was found in males (1.9%) and none in females. Also, pre-hypertension was more prevalent in students (32%) than in staff (0%). Pre-diabetes was more prevalent in overweight, obese, hypertensive, and 40 years or above participants. There was a correlation between diabetes and age, obesity, and hypertension. In conclusion, low prevalence of overweight, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes were found among the staff and students of Federal Polytechnic Kaura Namoda. The adoption of regular physical exercise, healthy eating habits, and a healthy lifestyle is therefore recommended among the staff and students for improved health status.