Prevalence of partial edentulism according to the Kennedy classification in patients of the faculty of dentistry at the Universidad Autónoma de Campeche 2022

Abstract

Poor oral hygiene in adult patients, reported and analyzed in different studies that have been done worldwide, has generated a high rate of dental loss. Partial edentulism is defined as a state of oral health that is the cause of an adverse effect of the state of oral health that corresponds to the absence of a certain number of teeth in the mouth. Most of the population has an incomplete but functional dentition, there is another large population group that does not have prosthetic restorations, which are very necessary. The causes of partial edentulism can be congenital or acquired. Total congenital edentulism manifests as a very serious congenital syndrome, which, generally, are not compatible with the patient's life. On the other hand, acquired edentulism refers to dental loss during one’s life and can be of secondary causes such as caries or dental loss as mentioned, such is determining the prevalence of partial edentulism in patients of the Faculty of Dentistry at the Universidad Autónoma de Campeche with the Kennedy classification. The loss of dental pieces results in the alteration of the stomatognathic system, resulting in the alteration of the masticatory function, affecting the nutritional state, general health and quality of life. Several studies have affirmed that edentulism, in addition to being related to the patient’s nutritional state, is also associated with the following factors: quality of life, age, gender of the patient. An observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, in the clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry. The population for this study was 100 subjects. The total number of subjects studied was 100 subjects (n=100), 51% were male and 49% female, the mean age was 59 years with a standard deviation of 11 and a range of 53. Regarding the variable, educational stage, the majority only studied middle school followed by primary school. The distribution of the prevalence of partial edentulism with respect to sex, Kennedy class II reported prevalence in males with 21%. It is followed by class I in males with 10%, class III in third place but in females with 18% and finally class IV where females also prevail with 12%. This study shows that the most prevalent of evaluated patients was found to be Kennedy class II in the male sex, since it was the most representative of the population with 21%, while, on the part of the female patients, it was 18% in class III.