Abstract
Background. Widespread use of the IOTN along with detailed study of occlusal traits is suitable for planning community dental health resources. Objectives. The aim of current study was to assess the need for orthodontic treatment among school children of Tehran by means of the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and also to evaluate the occlusal traits of the subjects. Methods. 684 (343 boys and 341 girls) school children, 15 to 17 years of age, were selected at random from 12 schools to represent the four main areas of Tehran. The final sample who met the inclusion criteria comprised 643 subjects (322 males and 321 females). Malocclusion was determined with the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The IOTN grades were statistically compared in the two genders using chi-square test. Results. Orthodontic treatment need, using the DHC, was found in only 9.0 per cent of the children. The prevalence of Angle Class I malocclusion in this study was higher than other malocclusions (65.2 per cent), followed by crowding in 62.7 per cent of the subjects. Conclusion. Orthodontic treatment need for Tehran high school students was relatively lower than that reported in most recent studies in Europe.
Highlights
Malocclusion in itself is neither a disease nor a life threatening condition [1]; the appearance of the mouth and smile plays a significant role in judgments regarding facial attractiveness
Grainger’s Treatment Priority Index (TPI) [7] which was proposed in 1960s can be named as one of the most prominent ones since it was widely used in the 1965–1970 US population surveys
Josefsson et al [11] compared the frequency of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in 12- and 13-year-olds of Swedish and immigrant background and found a high frequency of treatment need in the Swedish group, with 39.5 per cent classified as grades 4 and 5
Summary
Malocclusion in itself is neither a disease nor a life threatening condition [1]; the appearance of the mouth and smile plays a significant role in judgments regarding facial attractiveness. The Index of Treatment Need (IOTN) was proposed by Brook and Shaw [8] in the United Kingdom as a scoring system for estimating treatment need of patients with various degrees of malocclusion. This index places patients in five grades from “no need for treatment” to “extreme treatment need” (Table 1). The aim of current study was to assess the need for orthodontic treatment among school children of Tehran by means of the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) and to evaluate the occlusal traits of the subjects.
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