Abstract
Background: Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in the haemodialysis (HD) population varies between 3.445% and 4.345.2% respectively which are substantially higher than the prevalence rates in the general population. We conducted a study to estimate the prevalence of HBV and HCV in HD population in a tertiary care centre in north east India.Methods: Prospective single centre observational study conducted in patients attending a HD unit between November 2012 and June 2015. All patients with Chronic Kidney Diseasewho underwent haemodialysis were included. Patients with Acute Kidney Injury were excluded. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV were tested using specific enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) kits.Results: 507 patients with a male to female ratio of 1.26:1 were included. Overall mean age was 45.7017.54 years. (Male= 43.9417.32years; Female=47.8117.51years).69.82% of the patients underwent once weekly dialysis. 2.17% were found to be positive for HBV while and 1.38% patients were found to be positive for HCV. HBV-HCV co-infection was seen in 0.20%. All HBV positive patients were males and had previous blood transfusions.Conclusion: HBV and HCV is seen to affect a significant number of the End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients undergoing HD. Measures including safe transfusion practices, vaccination and equipment disinfection should be undertaken to reduce the burden of such infections in ESRD patients.
Highlights
Haemodialysis (HD) is a primary mode of therapy for patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
HD as it has an extracorporeal technique is associated with increased risk of parentally transmitted viruses including the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
In the Indian context, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) prevalence in HD patients range from 3.4% to 45% which is higher in comparison to the prevalence of 4.7% in the general population.[2,3]A previous study from India has reported a prevalence of 11 5% in the HD population.[8]
Summary
Haemodialysis (HD) is a primary mode of therapy for patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The transfusions.[4] Synergistic infection with HBV and/or HCV in patients with ESRD predisposed the patient for accelerated progression of the disease.[5] With this background we carried out a study to find out the sero-prevalence of HBV and HCV in patients undergoing haemodialysis in a tertiary care centre in north east India. We conducted a study to estimate the prevalence of HBV and HCV in HD population in a tertiary care centre in north east India. All patients with Chronic Kidney Disease who underwent haemodialysis were included. Conclusion: HBV and HCV is seen to affect a significant number of the End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients undergoing HD.
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