Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C among diabetes mellitus type 2 individuals.

Livia Melo Villar,Juliana Custódio Miguel,Bruno Geloneze,Maria Lucia Elias Pires,Elisangela Ferreira Da Silva,Vanessa Alves Marques,Leticia De Paula Scalioni,Elisabeth Lampe,Ana Carolina Junqueira Vasques,Motoyuki Otsuka

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211193

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) patients have higher risk to be infected with parenterally transmitted viruses, like hepatitis B or C virus. This study aims to determine HBV and HCV infection prevalence in DM2 patients from Northeast and Southeast Brazil. A total of 537 DM2 patients were included, 194 (36.12%) males and 343 (63.87%) females, with mean age of 57.13±11.49 years. HBV and HCV markers were determined using serological and molecular analysis, and risk factors were evaluated in a subgroup from Southeast (n = 84). Two HBV acute (HBsAg+/anti-HBc -) and one HBV chronic case (HBsAg+/anti-HBc+) were found. Six individuals (1.1%) were isolated anti-HBc, 37 (6.9%) had HBV infection resolved (anti-HBc+/anti-HBs+), 40 (7.4%) were considered HBV vaccinated (anti-HBc-/anti-HBs+). Thirteen patients (2.42%) had anti-HCV and 7 of them were HCV RNA+. In the subgroup, anti-HBc positivity was associated to age and anti-HCV positivity was associated to age, time of diabetes diagnosis, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase at bivariate analysis, but none of them was statistically significant at multivariate analysis. As conclusion, low prevalence of HBV and high prevalence HCV was found in DM2 patients.

Highlights

Hepatitis B and C virus infection are major global health problems
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) patients have higher risk to be infected with parenterally transmitted viruses, like hepatitis B or C virus since they undergo frequent hospitalization and are submitted to blood tests, like blood glucose monitoring [12]
This was a cross-sectional study on DM2 patients recruited during 2007–2013 at two geographical regions in Brazil (Southeast and Northeast Region)

Summary

Introduction

Hepatitis B and C virus infection are major global health problems. It has been estimated that 257 million persons are chronically infected with HBV and 71 million of individuals are HCV chronic carriers [1,2]. In Brazil, overall prevalence varies from 0 to 16.8% for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 1.38% up to 47% for antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) according geographic region or specific groups[3,4,5,6,7,8]. Diabetes mellitus type II (DM2) is a major public health problem in Brazil and is one of the fastest growing diseases around the world. The International Diabetes Federation estimates there are 425 million adults aged 20–79 with diabetes worldwide, including 212.4 million.

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