Abstract
There has been an increasing attention globally over the rising treatment failures caused by Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing organisms when new generation antibiotics are used. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from the Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty clinical isolates comprising, E. coli (136) and P. aeruginosa (114) was used for the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. ESBL phenotypes were further determined by the double disc synergy test using Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Ceftriazone and Amoxicillin clavulanic acid. Out of the 250 isolates tested, 114 (45.6%) were positive for ESBL production comprising 66(26.4%) E. coli and 48(19.2%) P. aeruginosa. The antimicrobial sensitivity testing showed that the highest resistance of 100% was recorded with Cephalexine while the least of 0% was recorded with the aminoglycosides and quinolones, giving a clear indication that the aminoglycosides and quinolnes could be recommended for the treatment of ESBL infections caused by these organisms. The result of the present study showed that there is apparently high prevalence of ESBL producing E. coli and P. aeruginosa in the Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
Highlights
Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBL) are βlactamases capable of conferring bacterial resistance to the penicillin, and third generation cephalosporins, and aztreonam, but not the cephamycins or carbapenems (Paterson and Bonomo, 2005) and are usually encoded on plasmids which frequently carry genes encoding resistance to other classes of antibiotics
Extended Spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) were first described in the 1980s and they have been detected in Klebsiella species, and later in Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens and other gram-negative bacilli (Kiratisin et al, 2008; Nwosu et al, 2014; Yushau et al, 2010; Ullah et al, 2009)
This study reports on the prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing isolates of E. coli and P. aeruginosa from specimens such as urine, wound swab and HVS
Summary
Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBL) are βlactamases capable of conferring bacterial resistance to the penicillin, and third generation cephalosporins, and aztreonam, but not the cephamycins or carbapenems (Paterson and Bonomo, 2005) and are usually encoded on plasmids which frequently carry genes encoding resistance to other classes of antibiotics. Extended Spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) were first described in the 1980s and they have been detected in Klebsiella species, and later in Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens and other gram-negative bacilli (Kiratisin et al, 2008; Nwosu et al, 2014; Yushau et al, 2010; Ullah et al, 2009). The gram-negative bacilli especially Pseudomonas species and members of the family enterobacteriaceae are common causes of infections of many parts of the body. They account for more than 50% of all isolates in nosocomial infections (Talaro and Talaro, 1996). Among the most prevalent bacteria pathogens capable of showing resistance to common antibiotics is Escherichia coli which is one of the most common causes of urinary tract infections and other opportunistic infections such as wound
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