Prevalence of ESBL-producing and multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from urine of HIV patients in General Hospital Gboko, Benue State

Terwase, Aondona Jerry Terwase, Aondona Jerry,Ichorichor, Smart Tersagh Ichorichor, Smart Tersagh,Umeh, Ebele U Umeh, Ebele U,Gberikon, Grace Mwuese Gberikon, Grace Mwuese

doi:10.30574/wjbphs.2021.8.1.0032

Terwase, Aondona Jerry Terwase, Aondona Jerry, Ichorichor, Smart Tersagh Ichorichor, Smart Tersagh + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2021.8.1.0032

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Abstract

Prevalence of ESBL-producing and multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli in HIV patients attending General Hospital Gboko, Benue State was investigated. A total of two hundred and five urine samples were collected from patients in the hospital and inoculated on Cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) agar. The plates were incubated at 37 0C for 24 hours for isolation of bacteria. Bacteria isolates were characterized by Gram staining and biochemical tests. Antibiotic resistance testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The results revealed a prevalence of 23(11.22%) in this group. Sex prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli was observed to be significantly higher in female subjects 20(12.98%) compared to male patients 3(5.88%). All isolates were resistant to Cefuroxime 23(100.0%), Augmentin 23(100.0%), followed by Ceftazidime 22(95.65%), Gentamycin 20(86.96%), Nitrofurantoin 19(82.6%), Ofloxacin 18(78.26%), and Ciprofloxacin 18(78.26%). The least resistance was observed with the antibiotic Cefotaxime 13(56.5%). The presence of ESBL-producing and multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli in urine samples of HIV patients indicates an infection which presents a major threat to public health since such infections may be difficult to treat and may subsequently result to death of the patients. Constant periodic surveillance of urinary tract pathogens isolated from HIV patients and non-abuse of antibiotics will help check this ugly trend especially in developing nations like Nigeria.

Highlights

Antimicrobial resistance has become a major public health challenge today in both developed and developing nations of the world
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection will eventually develop to AIDS and the infected individual usually die of opportunistic infections or malignancies associated with immune system failure [5].Globally, it is estimated that Thirty-four (34) million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and annually, about 1.8 million people die of HIV/AIDS related disease and 1.9 million persons are infected in Sub-Saharan Africa [6]
Prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing and multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from urine samples of HIV patients attending General Hospital Gboko, Benue State was investigated

Summary

Introduction

Antimicrobial resistance has become a major public health challenge today in both developed and developing nations of the world. Drug resistance is a major factor contributing to mortality and morbidity worldwide [1].Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are some of the most common kind of infectious diseases in humans that can affect at least 250 million individuals annually [2]. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that causes immunodeficiency syndrome that result to the progressive breakdown of the human immune system. This break down of the immune system allows life threatening opportunistic infections to thrive. HIV infection will eventually develop to AIDS and the infected individual usually die of opportunistic infections or malignancies associated with immune system failure [5].Globally, it is estimated that Thirty-four (34) million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and annually, about 1.8 million people die of HIV/AIDS related disease and 1.9 million persons are infected in Sub-Saharan Africa [6]

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