Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Management in the Thai Population, National Health Examination Survey IV, 2009.

Wichai Aekplakorn,Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong,Somkiat Sangwatanaroj,Panwadee Putwatana,Pattapong Kessomboon,Suwat Chariyalertsak,Surasak Taneepanichskul,Piyamitr Sritara

doi:10.1155/2014/249584

Abstract

This study determined the prevalence and management of dyslipidemia in Thai adults using data from the Thai National Health Examination Survey IV in 2009. Dyslipidemia was defined based on the Third Adult Treatment Panel guidelines. A total of 19,021 adults aged 20 yr and over were included. Mean (SE) levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides were 206.4 (1.03), 46.9 (0.34), 128.7 (1.09), and 131.4 (2.20) mg/dL, respectively. Prevalence of high LDL-C, low HDL-C, and high triglycerides were 29.6 %, 47.1 %, and 38.6%, respectively. Compared with individuals in the north and northeast, residents in Bangkok and Central region had significant higher levels of LDL-C but lower level of HDL-C. Triglyceride level was the highest in the northeast residents. Overall, 66.5% of Thais had some forms of dyslipidemia. Awareness and treatment of high LDL-C among those with high LDL-C were 17.8% and 11.7%, respectively. Among individuals aware of high LDL-C, those at highest CHD risk compared with those at low risk had higher percentage of treatment (73.1% versus 51.7%, resp.) but lower percentage of control at goal (32.9% versus 76.4%, resp.). Various forms of dyslipidemia are common in Thai adults, with a low level of awareness and treatment of high LDL-C.

Highlights

Association of dyslipidemia with the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well established and guidelines for management of the condition have already been issued [1,2,3,4,5]
The age-adjusted means of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, and LDLC were higher in women than in men as well as in urban areas compared with rural areas
Individuals who resided in Bangkok, south and central regions, had higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-HDL-C, and HDL-C but had lower levels of triglycerides than those living in the northern and northeastern regions

Summary

Introduction

Association of dyslipidemia with the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well established and guidelines for management of the condition have already been issued [1,2,3,4,5]. A multicountry analysis of national health examination survey data from eight countries on various continents reported disappointing findings of low detection and inadequate management of high serum cholesterol, among middle-income countries [12]. Among these countries, Thailand in 2004 had the highest (78%) percentage of unawareness of hypercholesterolemia, with markedly low percentages of treatment and control. There is no Thai data on the prevalence of other lipid parameters—for example, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides—in the general population, with and without CVD risk factors. This report could provide useful information for prevention and control of dyslipidemia as well as baseline data for monitoring and evaluation at the national level

Methods

Results

Conclusion