Abstract
Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in first and second degree relatives of Hemodialysis patients. Background: Early detection and intervention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) may prevent or delay the progression and achieve improved patient outcomes. Family members of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are considered as a high-risk population for CKD. The aim of this work is to screen and estimate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in first and second degree relatives of hemodialysis patients. Methods: This is an observational prospective study carried out in Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Menoufia University Hospital during January 2019 to January 2020. First and second degree relatives of ESRD were included. Relatives with known CKD risk factors or relative to ESRD with known hereditary disease were excluded. Serum creatinine and estimated eGFR, albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) and abdominal ultrasound were done twice with 3 months apart to screen for CKD. Results: 321 persons from first and second degree relatives of chronic hemodialysis patients were included. CKD prevalence was 5.6% Comparison between CKD group and non CKD showed no statistically significant difference as regard age, Gender, Smoking, BMI, and degree of relatives. There were highly significant difference between the studied groups as regard serum creatinine, bloodurea, eGFR and ACR. Relatives of ESRD patients of unknown etiology showed highly significant difference to develop CKD (44.4%) compared to non CKD group 11.5% with P value < 0.0001. Conclusions: Prevalence of CKD in relatives—without any CKD risk factors—to ESRD was 5.6%. Family members of ESRD should be screened for CKD, especially relatives to ESRD of unknown etiology.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem, with increasing prevalence and lethal adverse outcomes like progressive loss of kidney function, cardiovascular disease, and premature death [1]
chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by indicators of kidney damage—imaging or proteinuria—and decreased renal function [14]
Who met the inclusion criteria at the time of the study. Though this number is not much large as compared to international screening analysis, it still gives us direction toward the future strategies, family members of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients were recruited for CKD screening
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem, with increasing prevalence and lethal adverse outcomes like progressive loss of kidney function, cardiovascular disease, and premature death [1]. Members of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are considered as a high risk population for ESRD or CKD [4]. The reported prevalence of CKD in relatives of CKD patients ranged from 14% to 30% These findings granted support to the need for screening in these individuals that may carry higher risks of developing CKD compared with the general population [11]. Barked on the present study to screen first degree relatives of CKD patients for the prevalence and risk factors for developing CKD in Hong Kong [12]. Our goal of this study to estimate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in first and second degree relatives of Hemodialysis patients
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