Abstract
To determine the population prevalence of arterial hypertension in adults according to different diagnostic criteria. This is a cross-sectional study, analyzing information from the Brazilian National Health Survey in 2013, consisted of interviews, physical and laboratory measurements (n = 60,202). The prevalence of hypertension was defined according to three diagnostic criteria: self-reported; measured by instrument (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg); measured and/or using medication. Prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were estimated by the three diagnostic criteria of hypertension. The high blood pressure measurements were: 21.4% (95%CI 20.8 - 22.0) using the criterion self-reported; 22.8% (95%CI 22.1 - 23.4) by measured hypertension; and 32.3% (95%CI 31.7 - 33.0) by measured hypertension and/or reported use of medication. Women presented higher prevalence for the self-reported criterion (24.2%; 95%CI 23.4 - 24.9) and men, for the measured criterion (25.8%; 95%CI 24.8 - 26.8). Hypertension increases with age and is more frequent in urban areas. Using these three criteria, the hypertension was higher in the Southeast and South regions, in relation to the average of the country and the other regions. Using these three criteria, hypertension increased with age, was more frequent in urban areas and in the Southeast and South regions, in relation to the average of the country and the other regions. These findings are important to support policies that aim to achieve the World Health Organization's goal of reducing hypertension by 25% over the next decade.
Highlights
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about 600 million people have Arterial Hypertension (AH), with global increase of 60% of cases until 2025, besides the approximate number of 7.1 million annual deaths[1]
This study described the prevalence of individuals with AH according to the three diagnostic criteria: self-reported; measured Blood Pressure (BP) ≥ 140/90 mmHg; BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg and/or while using anti-hypertensive medication
The prevalence of AH in the three diagnostic criteria was higher in the Southeast and South regions in relation to the mean in the country and the other regions
Summary
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about 600 million people have Arterial Hypertension (AH), with global increase of 60% of cases until 2025, besides the approximate number of 7.1 million annual deaths[1]. High levels of Blood Pressure (BP) increase the chances of coronary arterial disease, heart failure, encephalic vascular disease, chronic kidney failure and death[6,7]. In Brazil, population surveys have used questionnaires to obtain self-reported information, due to their simplicity and reduced costs in the application of the technique[8,9,10]. One example is the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel), which pointed to the prevalence of AH in the past decade, affecting about one quarter of the Brazilian adult population[8,11]. Self-reported AH is an indicator that can be used when it is not possible to measure the BP; this criterion may underestimate the diagnosis[12]
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