Abstract
Objective: To compare the prevalence of anogenital infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) in immunobiological users being treated for immune-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases with that in non-users. Methodology: The total sample studied consisted of 228 participants divided into 2 groups: 114 users and 114 non-users of immunobiological, cytotoxic or corticosteroid therapy, with non-psoriasis dermatoses and non-HPV predisposing conditions. Both groups were evaluated clinically and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The prevalence of low-risk HPV in the immunobiological user and non-user groups was 8/49 (16,3%) and 3/29 (10,3%), respectively (p=0.524). The low-risk types found were HPV 6, 11, 40, 42 and 44. The prevalence of high-risk HPV was 23/114 (20,2%) in the users versus 21/114 (18,4%) in the non-users (p=0.737), distributed according to the following types: HPV 16 (3/228 – 1,3%), 18 (5/228 – 2,2%), and non-16/18 (36/228 – 15,8%). After pairing by sex and age, the prevalence of high-risk HPV was 13/62 (21,0%) and 8/62 (12,9%) for immunobiological users and non-users, respectively (p=0.231). Conclusion: The prevalence of anogenital HPV infection in patients with immune-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases treated with immunobiologicals is similar to that in non-users.
Highlights
Anogenital infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted viral disease in the world
A diagnosis can be made by molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), identifying viral DNA and the virus type (Colpani et al, 2020; Fedrizzi, 2011; Forman et al, 2012; Lacey, 2019; Oliveira et al, 2013; Sanjosé et al, 2018; Serrano et al, 2018)
This study evaluated, by PCR, mucocutaneous smears of the anogenital region, in which HPV can cause benign or malignant warts (Clifford et al, 2005; de Sanjosé et al, 2007; Dommasch et al, 2011; Forman et al, 2012; Parkin et al, 2005), of individuals with psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or rheumatological diseases using distinct immunobiological classes, unlike the majority of studies that evaluated only users of anti-TNF-α therapies (Bellaud et al, 2014; Handisurya et al, 2016; Kane et al, 2008; Marehbian et al, 2009; Singh et al, 2009) for HPV presence in the uterine cervix (Kane et al, 2008; Marehbian et al, 2009; Singh et al, 2009; Waisberg et al, 2015), eyebrow hair (Bellaud et al, 2014) and skin scraping from the neck (Hsien-Yi & Tsen-Fang, 2016)
Summary
Anogenital infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted viral disease in the world. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 630 million people (1:10 people) are infected with HPV, and approximately 70% of the sexually active population will be infected. The highest incidence is among young people, with a peak from 20 to 24 years old, and an incidence reaching 46% in the uterine cervix in the group ranging from 20 to 30 years old. Apparent perigenital and perianal warts, occur in 1% of infected people and can be recurrent or persistent. A diagnosis can be made by molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), identifying viral DNA and the virus type (Colpani et al, 2020; Fedrizzi, 2011; Forman et al, 2012; Lacey, 2019; Oliveira et al, 2013; Sanjosé et al, 2018; Serrano et al, 2018)
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