Abstract
BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is an airborne chronic infectious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex bacteria. Currently, about 1.7 billion (26%) of the world’s population are considered to be infected with M. tuberculosis. The risk of acquiring tuberculosis is higher on some segments of societies including people with severe mental illness. As a result, World health organization (WHO) strongly recommends screening for tuberculosis in such risk groups and setting.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of active tuberculosis and associated factors among patients with chronic psychotic disorders admitted at St. Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital and Gergesenon Mental rehabilitation center from February to June, 2020. All admitted patients were screened for any sign of TB as recommended by WHO. Presumptive TB cases were identified. Sputum samples were collected and tested by Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0 statistical software and Chi square analysis was used to test the statistical association.ResultsFrom a total 3600 pschotic patients screened for TB, 250 (6.94%) presumptive tuberculosis cases were detected. From these, 27 (10.8%) were positive by Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Most of the patients were males (68.4%). The mean ± SD age of the participant was 36.5 ± 9.7 years. The overall prevalence of tuberculosis was found to be 750 per 100,000 population. The number of patients per room (p = 0.039) was associated with Xpert MTB/RIF positive active tuberculosis.ConclusionThe prevalence of active tuberculosis among chronic psychotic patients was high. Number of admitted patients per room was identified as risk factors for Xpert MTB/RIF positive active tuberculosis. Therefore, to control TB transmission in chronic mental health treatment facilities, efforts should be directed to periodic screening for early case detection and improving the number of patients per room.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne chronic infectious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) bacteria
Sputum samples were tested by Xpert MTB/Rifampicin resistance (RIF) assay
The current study found that active tuberculosis was detected from diagnosed reason of Bi-polar 7/250 (2.8%) and Depression 2/250 (0.8%) with the presence of potential risk factors for tuberculosis
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne chronic infectious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex bacteria. About 1.7 billion (26%) of the world’s population are considered to be infected with M. tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne chronic infectious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) bacteria. It typically affects the lungs (pulmonary TB), but can affect other parts of the body as well (extra pulmonary TB) [1]. It mostly transmitted from one person to the other by the airborne route via aerosols when people with pulmonary TB expel the bacilli while coughing, sneezing, and talking [1, 2]. 1.7 billion (26%) of the world’s population are considered to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis [3]
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