Abstract
Certain Rh positive blood groups showed a link between the ABO blood grouping and susceptibility to some infectious ailments. Study was carried out to find the association of ABO Blood Group System / Rh type with different viral infection. A retrospective observational study was carried in 7631 blood donors to find the association of ABO Blood Group System / Rh type with viral infection due to hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus and Syphilis. Data of the study indicateF that the highest incidence of blood group in blood donor was B followed by O, A and AB. The incidence of HBsAg +ve, HCV Ab +ve and infection of Syphilis was also highest in donor with blood group B followed by O, A and AB. Blood group A were more susceptible to HIV Ab +ve followed by blood group B, O and AB. The group B donors had the greatest risk of viral infection with HBV, HCV, HIV, and Syphilis; followed by the groups O, A, and AB. Donors in group AB had the lowest incidence rate of all viral infection. The study revealed that blood group B is most prevalent among donors, followed by blood groups O, A, and AB. On the other side, the rate of HBV, HCV, HIV, and Syphilis infection was greatest among group B donors, followed by group O, group A, and group AB.
 Copyright(c) The Authors
Highlights
Blood group antigens signify polymorphic characteristics inherited among people
Distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) & Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among donors based on blood group borderline positive and positive out of the 7631 donors for every blood group is tabulated as table 1
It is observed that among 7631 donors, 8.4 % donors with blood group A were infected with HBV, 10.6% cases with blood group B, 9.8% cases with blood group O and 3.2% cases belong to blood group AB
Summary
Blood group antigens signify polymorphic characteristics inherited among people. Variances in expression of blood group antigen may enhance or decrease susceptibility of host to numerous infections [1]. The role of Blood groups in infection is that they may serve as receptor / co-receptor for bacteria, virus and parasites. Blood groups can alter the innate immune reaction to infection [2, 3]. The ABO system is the most common congenital blood group system, and it is responsible for the distribution of blood types to individuals through the inheritance of A and B genes [4]. Group O persons, on the other hand, have dormant ABO genes and merely display the precursor of the H antigen [2]
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