Abstract
International Journal of Medicine and Public Health,2020,10,2,77-80.DOI:10.5530/ijmedph.2020.2.16Published:June 2020Type:Original ArticlePrevalence and Risk Factors of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) among the Elderly of Guwahati City, Assam: A Cross-sectional StudyAnku Moni Saikia, and Vinoth Rajendran Anku Moni Saikia, Vinoth Rajendran* Department of Community Medicine, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (GMCH). Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam, INDIA. Abstract:Background: WHO defines “Healthy Ageing” as the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables well-being in older age. The population among the elderly is growing constantly and with increased life expectancy, there is a tremendous increase in morbidity and disability. MCI is an intermediate stage between dementia and cognitive decline in normal individuals. It is important to understand various factors associated with MCI to develop preventive strategies. Objectives: To find out the prevalence and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment among the elderly in Guwahati, Assam. Settings and Design: A communitybased, cross-sectional study was conducted in Guwahati City. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among the elderly of 60 years or above of both the sexes in Guwahati City. Considering p=14.89%, sample size was calculated as 576 elderly. Fifty percent of the total wards i.e. 16 wards were selected randomly and 36 elderly were selected from each ward. The data were collected using a predesigned and pretested schedule, Hindi Mini-Mental State Examination (HMMSE) scale for mild cognitive impairment, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) of Katz Index and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) of Lawton Index for functional status. Results: The prevalence of MCI was 24.2%. The risk factors like gender, living arrangement, education, alcohol consumption, constipation, sleep disturbance were associated with mild cognitive impairment on binary logistic regression. Conclusion: A very high prevalence of MCI was found among the elderly. Various modifiable risk factors like living arrangement, education, alcohol consumption, sleep disturbance and depression were found to be associated with MCI and it can be targeted to prevent MCI. Keywords:Assam, elderly, HMMSE, Mild cognitive impairment, PrevalenceView:PDF (164.35 KB)
Highlights
The elderly population has increased from 5.6% in 1961 to 8.6% in 2011.1 It is projected to raise by 64% by 2030.2 The vulnerability to different diseases increases with increasing life expectancy
Dementia is the broad term used for a decline in cognitive ability that is severe enough to restrict with daily life
Among the elderly with mild cognitive impairment, females were found to be comparatively higher than the males. (Table 1)
Summary
The elderly population has increased from 5.6% in 1961 to 8.6% in 2011.1 It is projected to raise by 64% by 2030.2 The vulnerability to different diseases increases with increasing life expectancy This leads to various types of morbidities and disabilities. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between dementia and normal cognition. It can involve problems with memory, language, thinking and judgment that are greater than normal age-related changes but the person’s day to day activities are not interfered. Objectives: To find out the prevalence and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment among the elderly in Guwahati, Assam. The risk factors like gender, living arrangement, education, alcohol consumption, constipation, sleep disturbance were associated with mild cognitive impairment on binary logistic regression.
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