Prevalence and Predictors of Current and Former Tobacco Use among Older Adults in Indonesia

Supa Pengpid,Karl Peltzer

doi:10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.2.395

Abstract

Purpose:The study aims to describe sociodemographic and health variable indices related to current and former tobacco use among older adults who participated in the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS-5) in 2014-15. Materials and Methods:A national population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a probability sample of 8,001 aged 50 years or older Indonesians. Results:The overall prevalence of current tobacco use was 33.3% (62.2% in men and 6.5% in women) and former tobacco use was 9.8% (17.4% among men and 2.8% in women), of which 64.4% quit tobacco use when 50 years and older. In multinomial regression analysis, sociodemographic factors (being male, lower education, lower economic status, living in Java and rural residence) and health variables (cancer or malignant tumour, depression symptoms, functional disability and inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption) were associated with current tobacco use. In addition, being overweight or obese, having had a stroke, and other lung conditions were inversely associated with current tobacco use. Further, in adjusted analysis, sociodemographic factors (being 70 years and older, being male, living in Sumatra) and having chronic conditions (dyslipidemia, heart problems, asthma, stomach or digestive diseases and functional disability) were associated with former tobacco use. Conclusions:A high rate of current tobacco use and low rate of former tobacco use was found, particularly among men. The identified risk factors may help to better target this vulnerable population with tobacco cessation programmes.

Highlights

Some of the highest prevalence of tobacco use are found in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia (Sinha et al, 2016; WHO, 2017)
The study found a high prevalence of current tobacco use among older adults in Indonesia (33.3%; 62.2% in men and 6.5% in women), which seem to be lower than in the latest (2011) Global Adult Tobacco Survey in Indonesia (WHO, 2012), but higher than in many other countries (He et al, 2012; Pang et al, 2016; Marinho et al, 2010)
The study found some regional differences in the prevalence of current and former tobacco use, with higher rates in Sumatra compared to Java and major island groups

Summary

Introduction

Some of the highest prevalence of tobacco use are found in low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia (Sinha et al, 2016; WHO, 2017). In a study among older adults (50 years and older) in six middle-income countries, the prevalence of current tobacco use ranged from 7% in Ghana to 46.5% in India (He et al, 2012). Risk factors for current tobacco use among older adults include sociodemographic and health variables. Health variable risk factors for current tobacco use include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Nazir and Erbland, 2009), mental health difficulties (Burns et al, 2017), lower life satisfaction (Yawson et al, 2013), poor self-rated health (Bell et al, 2009), insufficient fruits and vegetable consumption (Ko et al, 2011; Peltzer and Phaswana-Mafuya, 2012), and cognitive impairment (Mons et al, 2013). Obesity was negatively associated with tobacco use among older adults in South Africa (Peltzer and Phaswana-Mafuya, 2012)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion