Abstract
Group A rotavirus (RVA) infection is the leading cause of hospitalization of children under 5 years old, presenting with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. The aim of our study was to explore the genetic diversity of RVA among patients admitted to Moscow Infectious Disease Clinical Hospital No. 1 with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. A total of 653 samples were collected from May 2019 through March 2020. Out of them, 135 (20.67%) fecal samples were found to be positive for rotavirus antigen by ELISA. RT-PCR detected rotavirus RNA in 80 samples. Seven G-genotypes (G1, G2, G3, G4, G8, G9, and G12) and three P-genotypes (P[8], P[4], and P[6]) formed 9 different combinations. The most common combination was G9P[8]. However, for the first time in Moscow, the combination G3P[8] took second place. Moreover, all detected viruses of this combination belonged to Equine-like G3P[8] viruses that had never been detected in Russia before. The genotype G8P[8] and G9P[4] rotaviruses were also detected in Moscow for the first time. Among the studied rotaviruses, there were equal proportions of Wa and DS-1-like strains; previous studies showed that Wa-like strains accounted for the largest proportion of rotaviruses in Russia.
Highlights
Diarrheal diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years old all over the world, especially in developing countries with poor quality health care
In 2019, a total of 780,497 cases of acute intestinal infections were recorded in the Russian Federation, out of which only 37.1% were cases with an identified etiology; the group A rotavirus (RVA) was the most common causative agent
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Summary
Diarrheal diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years old all over the world, especially in developing countries with poor quality health care. Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of diarrheal diseases [1]. In 2019, a total of 780,497 cases of acute intestinal infections were recorded in the Russian Federation (compared to 816,012 cases in 2018), out of which only 37.1% were cases with an identified etiology; the group A rotavirus (RVA) was the most common causative agent. Following the introduction of rotavirus vaccines in many countries, there has been a decrease in all-cause diarrhea and rotavirus-related hospital admissions [1]. The higher the vaccination coverage is, the more significant reductions in rotavirus-related hospital admissions will be [5]. Vaccination coverage remains low; Rotavirus oAnlyis2a5–n2o7n%-eonfvneelwopbeodrnvsirwuesrebevlaocncgininagtedtointh2e01f8a–m2i0l1y9R[3e,o4v].iridae, which contains a double-stRroantadveidruRsNAAisgeannoomne-ewnvitehlo1p1esdegvmireunstsbeelnocnogdininggtsoixthneonfa-smtriulyctRureaolviridae, which (NSP1-6) and scioxnstatriuncstaurdaol u(bVlPe1-s-t4r,aVndPe6d-VRPN7)Apgroenteoinmse[w6]i.thTh1e1 sbeignmareynctslaesnsicfoicdaitniognsioxfnon-structural RVA is based (oNnSnPu1c-6le)oatindde ssiexqsuterunccetuoraf lth(VePtw1-o4, gVePn6e-sVwPh7)icphroetneciondse[d6].strTuhcetubrianlapryroc-lassification of teins, glycoproRteVinA(iGs )bVasPe7d, oanndnupcrloetoetaidsee-sseenqsuietinvceeporfottheeintw(Po) gVePn4e,slwochaitcehdeonncotdheedousttreurctural proteins, capsid. Currengtllyy,ctohperroeteairne(3G6) GV-Pg7e,naontdyppersotaenadse5-s1enPs-giteivneotpyrpoetesinre(cPo)gVniPz4e,dlo[c7a].teWd ornldth- e outer capsid. wide, the mosCt ucroremnmtlyo,nthgeerenoatryep3e6 Gco-mgebniontaytpioenssanodf 5h1uPm-agnenroottyapveisrurseecsoganriezeGd1[P7[]8. ]W, orldwide, the G2P[4], G3P[8]m, Go4sPt [c8o]m, Gm9oPn[8g],eannodtyGp1e2cPo[m8]b[i8n]a. tIinonRsuossfiha,uvmiraunsersotraevlairteudsetsoafriveeGo1fPt[h8e]s,eG2P[4], G3P[8], combinations pGr4ePv[a8i]le, dG,9Pex[8c]l,uadnidngGG121P2[P8[]8[]8.].DInurRinugss2ia0,0v9i–ru20se1s4rienlatMedostcoofiwv,e tohfethGes4eP[c8o]mbinations prewas the predomvaiinleadn,t egxecnluodtyinpge,Gw1h2Pil[e8G]. 9DPu[8ri]nwg a2s00th9–e2m01o4sitnfrMeqousceonwt ,gtehneoGty4pPe[8i]nw2a0s18th–e predominant 2019 [9,10]. genotype, while G9P[8] was the most frequent genotype in 2018–2019 [9,10]
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