Abstract
Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical evidence of diabetic nephropathy. However, prevalence and associated factors with microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetic patients has been understudied area of research in Nepalese context. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetic patients. This study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Blood samples for serum creatinine, Hemoglobin A1C, Fasting blood sugar and urine sample for microalbumin and urine creatinine were collected and analyzed using validated and standardized tools from a total of 400 Type 2 diabetic patients in Devdaha Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Rupandehi, Nepal from August 2014 to September 2017. Microalbuminuria was defined as urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio greater than 30 and less than300 μg /mg of creatinine Results: Of 400 type 2 diabetic patients, 186 (46.5%) had microalbuminuria. The mean values of FBS, HbA1C, serum creatinine, microalbumin, microalbumin/urine creatinine ratio were higher in microalbuminuria group. Microalbuminuria was significantly positively correlated with duration of diabetes, FBS, HbA1C, serum creatinine, microalbumin, microalbumin/ urine creatinine, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (P< 0.01). Our study demonstrated that nearly half of the type 2 diabetic patients had microalbuminuria. Our results emphasize to increase to accessibility to microalbuminuria testing for all the type 2 diabetic patients and bring them under medical supervision to reduce the unwanted complications of diabetes mellitus.
Highlights
Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical evidence of diabetic nephropathy
Microalbuminuria was significantly positively correlated with duration of diabetes, FBS, HbA1C, serum creatinine, microalbumin, microalbumin/ urine creatinine, SBP and DBP (P
We found MA was significantly positively correlated with a number of clinical characteristics such as duration of diabetes, FBS, HbA1C, serum creatinine, microalbumin, microalbumin/ urine creatinine, SBP and DBP
Summary
Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical evidence of diabetic nephropathy. prevalence and associated factors with microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetic patients has been understudied area of research in Nepalese context. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetic patients. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications has been a major public health concern worldwide.[1] In 2013, International diabetes federation (IDF) reported that about 382 million people suffered from diabetes globally.[2] Among the diabetic patients, 20-40% are the victims of diabetic nephropathy and 10–20% of them die due to kidney failure in T2DM.[3,4] Microalbuminuria (MA) is the earliest clinical evidence of diabetic nephropathy.[5,6]. Studies from Nepal reported a prevalence of 6.3 to Correspondence: Bikram Khadka, Department of Biochemistry, Khadka et al Prevalence and Factors Associated with Microalbuminuria among Type 2 Diabetic Patients. The prevalence and associated factors of microalbuminuria in T2DM is less understood in Nepal
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