Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression Among Adult Population in Silkamba Town, Ethiopia, A Community Based Cross Sectional Study

Geteneh Mitku

doi:10.7176/ppar/11-9-03

Abstract

Since rice crop production relatively is recent activities in Ethiopia, the incidence and distribution of insect pests and their natural enemy in the study area has not been recognized. Field surveys were conducted in 2018 and 2019 rainy season to generate baseline information on the type of pests prevailing in rice crop. The survey was conducted in South Gondar, three districts. Insect pests were determined by visual search for damages done by insects throughout the field. The current survey found that more than 13 insect pest of namely, stalk eyed fly, stem borer, leaf hopper as leaf/stem feeding and rice bug and sting bugs are among grain sucking insect pest, and whorl maggot, cricket, grass hopper and termite also found in the study area. Furthermore, our study found that a new insect in the study area named as creatonatus sp . which feed on rice leaf. Additionally, the study found that more than 6 natural enemies of rice insect pests. Some of the natural enemies are damselfly, dragonfly and spider, beetle, lacewing and wasps found dominantly in the study area. This study is the first report to explore the presence of these above maintained insect pest and natural enemy in the rice growing area of south Gondar. It then requires adequate knowledge about all mentioned insects yield loss on rice production. The infestation level of natural enemy on rice insect should be checked and farmers should be awared regarding to importance of these natural enemy for rice insect pest control. Keywords : rice insects, natural enemy, incidence, south Gondar DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/11-9-03 Publication date: May 31 st 2021

Highlights

Rice (Oryza sativa L.; Poaceae) is one of the most widely cultivated cereals and globally important food crops (Nascimento et al 2015)
The new insect found in the study area named as Creatonatus sp. was identified by Canada pest control organization
More than 13 different rice insect pests found in the rice growing areas of South Gondar

Summary

Introduction

Rice (Oryza sativa L.; Poaceae) is one of the most widely cultivated cereals and globally important food crops (Nascimento et al 2015). It provides more calories per hectare than any other cereals food grain. According to Gebey et al, 2012, report rice introduced in Ethiopia after the wild rice (O. longistaminata) was observed in the swampy and waterlogged areas of Fogera and Gambella plains even though it is recently introduced, the government of Ethiopia has given due emphasis as a millennium crop for assuring food security and as an income source (Astewl, 2010). Wetlands area in Fogera, Dera and LiboKemkem plain is the main rice production because of their high water availability and enough soil fertility

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