Abstract
This is a cross sectional study to find the prevalence of adolescent depression, suicidal ideation and associated socio-demographic factors among adolescent students. 3141 students aged between 15 to 19 years from residential and non-residential government and private schools and colleges from Davangere participated in the study. The self administered questionnaire of Becks depression inventory II was used to evaluate the depression status and suicidal ideation was analyzed using item number 9 of BDI. The prevalence of depression in our study group was 57.7%. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was significantly (P =0.000 ) more among depressed (41.7% ) compared to non-depressed (11.4% ). Residential school students were more depressed (74.5%) than non-residential school students (52.1% , P = 0.000 ). Students from joint family were less depressed (40.1% ) compared to those from nuclear family (63.3%, P =0.000 ). Moderate depression was the commonest type followed by mild, severe and extreme types. Age, sex, class, recent academic performance, mothers education level, factors at home like quarrel, financial, alcoholism and chronic illness in parents showed significant relationship with prevalence of depression. Depressed students had problem getting along with parents, siblings, friends and teachers. Fathers education level and occupation status of both parents had no association with depression rates. To conclude the prevalence of depression in adolescent students of our study group was high and suicidal ideation was significantly high among the depressed students.
Highlights
WHO defines adolescents as individuals aged 10-19 years
Suicide has become a growing public health concern as successive generations have shown a parallel increase of suicide and depression in the pediatric age group 1,2
Residential school students were found to be more depressed than non-residential school students
Summary
WHO defines adolescents as individuals aged 10-19 years. In India, they account for 20% of the population[1 ].An estimated 20% of the world’s adolescents have a mental health or behavioral problem[2 ]. Just 50 years ago, many physicians had reservation regarding the existence of significant depressive disorders in children; primarily because they believed that children lacked the mature psychologic and cognitive structure necessary to experience these problems. A growing body of evidence has confirmed that children and adolescents experience the whole spectrum of mood disorders and suffer from the significant morbidity and mortality associated with them. Suicide has become a growing public health concern as successive generations have shown a parallel increase of suicide and depression in the pediatric age group 1,2. Like the depression of adults, can encompass a spectrum of symptoms ranging from normal responses of sadness and disappointment in stressful life events to severe impairment caused by clinical depression that may or may not include evidence of mania
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