Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia among Children Admitted to a Pediatric Ward: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hoima Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda

Abstract

Anemia remains a significant public health concern among children under five years of age worldwide, particularly in low resource settings. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among children admitted to the pediatric ward of Hoima Regional Referral Hospital in Western Uganda. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving demographic data collection, clinical history, and hematological parameters analysis. The prevalence of anemia was determined based on World Health Organization criteria for hemoglobin levels, with factors such as nutritional status, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities explored through statistical analysis. Results revealed a concerning prevalence of anemia among pediatric ward children, with 70% found to be anemic. Factors such as malnutrition, low socioeconomic status, and presence of comorbidities were significantly associated with an increased risk of anemia. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive strategies targeting the prevention and management of anemia in pediatric populations, particularly among those hospitalized. Keywords: Anemia, children, pediatric, malnutrition.