Prestart Psychophysiological Profile of a 200-m Canoe Athlete: A Comparison of Best and Worst Reaction Times

Abstract

The difference between success and failure in 200-m canoe and kayak events is measured in milliseconds. The gold medal for the 200-m kayak in the Summer 2012 Olympic Games in London was won by a margin of 294 milliseconds, and the difference between winning a bronze medal and not reaching the podium was merely 31 milliseconds. In addition to physical fitness, strength, and technique, the ability to focus effectively and manage arousal is crucial to the ability to react quickly off the start. Conversely, the inability to manage arousal and focus has been shown to reduce reaction time (RT) and, in extreme cases, lead to “choking.” Research in sport psychology and psychophysiology has identified multiple psychological, physiological, and neurological characteristics that underlie peak performance. Although many of the skills and characteristics identified in the research are common to most peak performers, it is also well known that each athlete's optimal performance zone for competition is unique. For athletes, identifying these individual zones of optimal physical, psychological, physiological, and neurological functioning can be elusive and difficult to quantify. Existing technology in bio- and neurofeedback presents a unique opportunity for athletes and researchers to explore what individual peak performance looks like both physiologically and neurologically. Thus, the purpose of this case analysis was to explore the psychophysiological differences of a 200-m canoe athlete between his best and worst reaction times.