Abstract
We report the effects of hydrostatic pressure up to p ∼ 1.73 GPa on the multiferroic and magnetoelectric properties of GdMn2O5 single crystals. The ferroelectric (FE) polarization can be enhanced at low pressures, while it decreased after reaching a maximum at p ∼ 1.30 GPa. This pressure induced variation of polarization can be ascribed to the combined results of Mn–Mn and Gd–Mn exchange striction under pressure. Our results show that the polarization induced by Mn–Mn interaction increases monotonously with increasing pressure and finally saturates above p ≳ 1.30 GPa. Interestingly, we find that a new FE phase appears in the temperature range of 31 K–38 K with pressure p ≳ 0.88 GPa. This new FE phase can be suppressed by magnetic field, but stabilized by pressure. The pressure-temperature (p–T) phase diagram of GdMn2O5 was obtained. Our analyses suggest that the pressure-induced new FE phase could arise from a non-collinear, incommensurate magnetic structure.
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