Abstract
Pollution control and mitigation are critical to protect the ecosystem and make everyone's life safer and healthier. Different pollution mitigation strategies and measures are implemented to remove pollutants, which broadly involve physical, chemical, and biological methods. Biological methods are found to be more sustainable, effective, and eco-friendlier than the other two methods. These methods mainly use microbes like bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants, and their products like enzymes and metabolic products to remove pollutants. Due to their unique photosynthetic ability and simple growth requirements, Algae can be grown using simpler components like CO2, sunlight, and media, making them a potential candidate to be used as a pollution mitigator. Algae can indicate and remove pollutants like CO2, SO2, NO2, and particulate matter from the air; these pollutants and particulate matter are either used for their growth or these are accumulated inside them.. Algal species have shown the efficient removal of heavy metals, organic pollutants, explosives, petroleum contaminants, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and plastics from different water sources. There is a lot of scope in using algae to remove organic and inorganic pollutants in wastewater treatment plants. Algae hold great potential to remove radioactive pollutants from natural resources and involve removal mechanisms like biosorption and bioaccumulation. Algae can be used with different adsorbent materials to develop adsorption systems for the adsorption of radionuclides and heavy metals. This review elucidates different algal species, their cultural conditions, the removal efficiency of different types of pollutants from the air, water, soil, and their role in genetic engineering and the algae's potential for waste mitigation.
Highlights
Due to the increase in population and rapid industrialisation, the pollution level in all the three-spheres is increasing day by day
Sanitary waste, agricultural wastewater, sewage, factory industrial waste, domestic waste disposal, insecticides, pesticides, fungicides, and chemical fertilisers, when mixed with natural water resources like a lake, pond, river, seas, and oceans, cause water pollution, and due to this, different water-borne diseases spread in human beings, as well
The following review discusses the uses of algae as a candidate in different types of pollution mitigation
Summary
Due to the increase in population and rapid industrialisation, the pollution level in all the three-spheres is increasing day by day. Due to the air pollution in developing countries, serious health problems have arisen, causing loss of lives and a loss of money in the public health sector [1]. A rapid declination of forest and crop fields happens due to the deposition of air pollutants in acidic deposition, O3, SOx, NOx, and other oxidants [2]. The Open Biotechnology Journal, 2021, Volume 15 143 autotrophic aquatic organism [8] that can be cultured and proliferated as it utilises CO2 and light energy (which are quickly and cheaply available) and can be used directly for the mitigation and removal of air, water, soil, and radioactive pollutants from the environment. The following review discusses the uses of algae as a candidate in different types of pollution mitigation
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
