Abstract
Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) developed high levels of viremia, clinical signs including fever, weight loss, a decrease in activity and hematuria upon inoculation with dengue virus (DENV). Presence of DENV genome in urine samples and pathological changes in kidneys were examined in the present study. Levels of DENV genome were determined in 228 urine samples from 20 primary DENV-inoculated marmosets and in 56 urine samples from four secondary DENV-inoculated marmosets. DENV genome was detected in 75% (15/20) of marmosets after primary DENV infection. No DENV genome was detected in urine samples from the marmosets with secondary infection with homologous DENV (0%, 0/4). Two marmosets demonstrated hematuria. Pathological analysis of the kidneys demonstrated non-suppressive interstitial nephritis with renal tubular regeneration. DENV antigen-positive cells were detected in kidneys. In human dengue virus infections, some patients present renal symptoms. The results indicate that marmosets recapitulate some aspects of the involvement of kidneys in human DENV infection, and suggest that marmosets are potentially useful for the studies of the pathogenesis of DENV infection, including kidneys.
Highlights
Dengue fever is a serious global health problem
Urine samples contain dengue virus (DENV) genomes and virus antigens were present in renal biopsies
A total of 228 urine samples were obtained on days 1–14 from 20 marmosets after primary infection and 56 urine samples from four marmosets after homologous secondary infection (Table 1)
Summary
Urine samples contain dengue virus (DENV) genomes and virus antigens were present in renal biopsies. The association between disease symptoms from appearance of DENV genome in urine, renal injury (occurrence rate of 2.9–13.3% of dengue patients) and haemolytic uraemic syndrome in the pathogenesis of dengue fever is unclear [1,2]. We constantly detected DENV genome in urine samples from DENV-inoculated marmosets. These marmosets exhibited hematuria and pathological changes in the kidneys. The marmoset DENV infection model appears to recapitulate some aspects of DENV infection, and offer the possibility of use in pathogenesis studies of DENV infection
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