Prescription pattern of usage of analgesics in pain relief in cancer patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital - An observational prospective study

Abstract

Objective The World Health Organization has developed guidelines for the pharmacological and radiotherapeutic management of cancer pain in adults and adolescents to provide evidence-based guidance to healthcare providers on the adequate relief of pain associated with cancer. This prospective study was done to evaluate the prescription pattern of analgesics for the treatment of cancer pain. Material and Methods This prospective observational study was conducted in cancer patients attending the pain clinic of the Anesthesia and Radiotherapy Outpatient Department. Approval was obtained from the Institutional Human Ethics Committee. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years of either gender, willing to provide written informed consent, and patients undergoing radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or palliative treatment. Exclusion criteria were patients having psychiatric illness, not willing to provide written informed consent, patients having renal and or hepatic dysfunction, patients with comorbidities with chronic pain, and patients who underwent surgical intervention. Results A total of 100 participants were recruited during the study period of July 2022–April 2024 whose data were assessed. Participants were prescribed different classes of analgesic drugs, which included 30% participants on opioid analgesics, 30% on non-opioid analgesics, and 40% on combination therapy. Among opioid analgesics, morphine was the most commonly prescribed. Among non-opioid, paracetamol was the most commonly prescribed. Among combination therapy, tramadol was the most commonly prescribed. Pregabalin was most commonly used as an adjuvant analgesic. Conclusion This study also emphasizes on need for adequate treatment of cancer pain and vigilant monitoring of patients on opioids to prevent drug abuse, drug dependence, and adverse drug reactions.