Preparing Halal Tourism Regulations in Indonesia

This article explores the regulation of halal tourism in Indonesia, focusing on the roles of the main Islamic organizations in Indonesia, namely the Indonesian Ulema Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia, MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah. Prompted by the ongoing debates surrounding the relationship between modernity and Islam in the context of halal tourism, this research analyses fatwas issued by these organizations and various local regulations in Indonesia. The study finds that the three organizations respond to halal tourism issues with differing approaches, with MUI dominating the discourse. MUI and NU tend to adopt exclusive stances, while Muhammadiyah demonstrates a more inclusive and flexible approach. The dominance of MUI fatwas is reflected in their frequent citation and integration into various local regulations related to halal tourism, indicating significant influence in shaping regional policies. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s theory of power/knowledge, this article concludes that the dominance of MUI fatwas in shaping the discourse of halal tourism regulation leads to a more exclusive society through the process of shariatization. This phenomenon reflects the influence of knowledge and policy control by Islamic institutions, directly or indirectly impacting the landscape of halal tourism regulation in Indonesia. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi regulasi pariwisata halal di Indonesia dengan memfokuskan pada peran organisasi Islam utama di Indonesia, yakni Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), dan Muhammadiyah. Penelitian ini dipicu oleh kompleksitas perdebatan terkini seputar hubungan antara modernitas dan Islam dalam konteks pariwisata halal. Melalui analisis fatwa dari ketiga organisasi Islam dan sejumlah peraturan daerah di Indonesia, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ketiga organisasi tersebut merespons isu pariwisata halal dengan pendekatan yang berbeda, di mana MUI mendominasi diskursus tersebut. MUI dan NU cenderung mengadopsi sikap eksklusif, sementara Muhammadiyah menunjukkan pendekatan yang lebih inklusif dan fleksibel. Dominasi fatwa MUI tercermin dalam seringnya fatwa tersebut dirujuk dan diintegrasikan ke dalam berbagai peraturan daerah terkait pariwisata halal. Hal itu menandakan pengaruh yang signifikan dalam pembentukan kebijakan daerah. Dengan merujuk pada teori kuasa pengetahuan Michel Foucault, artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa dominasi fatwa MUI dalam membentuk diskursus regulasi pariwisata halal mengarah pada masyarakat yang lebih eksklusif melalui proses syariatisasi. Fenomena ini mencerminkan pengaruh kontrol pengetahuan dan kebijakan oleh lembaga-lembaga Islam, yang secara langsung atau tidak langsung memengaruhi lanskap regulasi pariwisata halal di Indonesia.

Muslim tourists may take advantage of a variety of Muslim-friendly tourism options, including halal tourism. A growing number of nations are considering expanding their halal tourist offerings, thanks to the industry's meteoric rise since 2018. Among 130 countries, Indonesia topped the 2019 Global Muslim Travel Index as the top halal tourist destination. This success has encouraged Indonesia to increase its efforts in developing halal tourism, taking use of the country's vast potential in this area. Indonesia's advantage in halal tourism must be complemented by particular legislation implementations governing halal tourism to enable structured and orderly implementation. With appropriate regulations, it is hoped that the optimization of halal tourism may become more structured in terms of standards in the promising halal tourism sector, acting as a benchmark for other nations to adopt halal tourism practices. This study aimed to provide additional information on the importance of adopting legislative standards for enforcing halal tourism legislation in Indonesia. This study used normative methodology. In addition to the need for special regulations concerning halal tourism management, careful preparation in terms of adequate scientific and technological updates is required to ensure that halal tourism in Indonesia is well received in the global market. Moreover, there must be a regular control in updating halal tourism regulations in Indonesia between authorized institutions

The halal tourism industry is an emerging sector that has recently become a global trend in economic development in many countries. However, in various regions in Indonesia, halal tourism triggers anomalies and raises pros and cons. This article aims to explore the construction of halal tourism development in five regions in Indonesia. It seeks to formulate a sustainable halal tourism regulatory model that is based on plurality and local wisdoms of the local community. This study uses a legal research method, with a critical-constructive approach. The findings from this study conclude that the development of halal tourism regulations in various regions shows a positive and dynamic direction in line with the configuration of regional tourism policies, which needs to be continuously encouraged and accelerated. As such, amid these positive trends and dynamics, regional halal tourism development needs to adopt a sustainable halal tourism regulatory model that is based on community plurality and is responsive to local wisdoms. This article supports the realization of a sustainable halal tourism policy following the Covid-19 pandemic in the midst of a plurality of regional communities.

Halal tourism is one of the halal value chains that has experienced very significant development, not only in Muslim-majority countries but has penetrated into minority countries. Indonesia is also one of the drivers of halal tourism with various achievements achieved in the international arena, however, the regulation of halal tourism is still a polemic and there is no strong legal umbrella governing it. This research aims to see the urgency of maqashid sharia on halal tourism regulation in Indonesia. This research is a normative research with literature search method. Data obtained from journals, books, research relevant to the discussion are reviewed descriptively. The result of the research is that related to halal tourism in Indonesia there has been a MUI fatwa No. 18/MUI-DSN/X/2016 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Tourism Based on Sharia Principles and various other laws and regulations, but it has not fully given effect to tourism management and development, especially legal certainty. So in making regulations, the elements of maqashid sharia are needed, namely protecting religion, soul, mind, offspring and property which is the basic foundation because it is in line with the purpose of establishing halal tourism, namely the realization of maslahah and avoiding mafsadah which can be achieved by all related elements.

Purpose – The study aims to develop a risk mitigation approach based on the operational aspects of services and restaurants in sharia hotels.Methodology – A series of semi structured interviews was conducted with various relevant participants consisting of lecturers and Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) employees. The interviews aimed to elicit information pertaining to the identification of risks and risk handling priorities in halal certification sharia hotels.Findings – In general, risk identification and risk handling were proposed to provide recommendation to sharia hotels in mitigating risks to obtain halal certificate. The findings indicate that numerous risk factors made it difficult for hotels to obtain halal certification. Therefore, the hotel needs to know potential hazards in their operational activities of the given services so that appropriate risk mitigation can be implemented.Implications – This study's findings can be applied to improve research in the field of sharia hotels, specifically certification and implementation criteria. With the exact terms and circumstances of each criterion, it will be easier for the hotel to prepare to become a sharia hotel that adheres to Islamic sharia principles, particularly in growing halal tourism in various regions of Indonesia.Originality – This research contributes significantly to the area of halal tourism. In addition, this paper investigates risk analysis based on Indonesian regulations that are hardly ever discussed. Therefore, the findings of this study can assist hotel management, sharia tourism practitioners, and policymakers with relatively new information.