Abstract
In order to solve the problem of the spontaneous combustion of coal gangue, a coal gangue fire-extinguishing material of gel–foam was developed. The foaming agent was screened by the Waring blender method with varying foam amounts, and the superabsorbent foam stabilizer was synthesized by free radical polymerization. Moreover, the gel–foam was used in a spontaneous combustion of coal gangue mountain field practice. The results showed that when the mass fraction of sodium dodecyl sulfonate and coconut oil amide propyl betaine was 0.6% and 4:6, the foaming amount was as high as 1500 mL. When the mass ratio of chitosan to acrylic acid was 1:6, the neutralization degree was 80%, the cross-linking agent was 0.8%, and the initiator was 0.01%, the water absorption of the synthesized superabsorbent foam stabilizer reached 476 mL/g. The synthesized gel–foam was tested in a spontaneous combustion coal gangue hill in a certain area, and no reburning sign was found within one month.
Highlights
Coal is the most commonly used energy source at present; coal mining brings a large amount of coal gangue emissions
The results showed that the effects of the neutralization degree on the reaction yield and water absorption were similar
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Summary
Coal is the most commonly used energy source at present; coal mining brings a large amount of coal gangue emissions. The article discusses the effects of four main influencing factors—namely, chitosan/acrylic acid concentration ratio, initiator concentration, acrylic acid neutralization degree and crosslinker concentration—on the water absorption properties of the synthesized highly absorbent gels through orthogonal tests. (d) Effect of neutralization degree of acrylic acid on water absorption performance. It was easy to burst polymerization, and the chance of self-cross-linking and low molecular weight acrylic resin in the final resin was large, which was not conducive to the improvement of the water absorption multiplier. The grafting rate was low within a certain reaction time, and the water absorption multiplier of the synthesized highly absorbent gel was low
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