Abstract
A novel process was developed to obtain high content of ceria powder directly from bastnasite mineral. The bastnasite was roasted with NaHCO3 at 550 oC for 2 h, washed with water and dilute HCl respectively to remove impurities, and finally calcined in air. TG-DTA, XRD, XRF, SEM was used to characterize the decomposition process of bastnasite, crystalline phase, the chemical composition, and morphology of the product. The results showed that the concentration of HCl solution was the most important factor in the leaching process, and the calcining temperature of bastnasite mineral should be controlled below 600 oC. The optimal technological parameters were suggested as follows: leaching temperature at 45 oC, for 45min in 3 mol/L HCl, with the weight ratio of solid to liquid of 1:5, and the calcining of the leachate at 600 oC for 2 h. And the high content of ceria (TREO > 80wt %, Ceria/TREO > 85wt %) nanosized (20~100 nm) powder was obtained succeffully, which showed potential application in polishing materials.
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