Abstract
Steel slag, clay, quartz, feldspar, and talc were mixed to prepare steel slag ceramics. Crystalline phase transitions, microstructures, and the main physical-mechanical properties (water absorption, linear shrinkage, and flexural strength) of steel slag ceramics for various MgO/Al2O3 ratios were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical testing. The results indicated the significant effect of the MgO/Al2O3 ratio on these properties. A decrease in the MgO/Al2O3 ratio resulted in a major crystalline phase transformation from quartz and pyroxene phases to quartz and anorthite phases. High MgO content facilitated production of pyroxene phases. High Al2O3 content favored production of anorthite phases. The water absorption of all the samples (below 0.5%) met the Chinese national standard requirements. Samples with an MgO/Al2O3 ratio of 0.6 exhibited excellent flexural strength, reaching 62.20 MPa. FactSage software was used to predict batch viscosity, which increased with decreasing MgO/Al2O3 ratios.
Highlights
The rapid development of the iron and steel industry in China has resulted in increased steel slag production, accounting for values as high as 10–15% of total annual steel production [1,2].For instance, estimated steel production in China in 2017–2018 was around 900 million t, and the corresponding output of steel slag was about 120 million t
Considering the influence of Al2 O3 and MgO on the crystal phase and mechanical properties of ceramics, steel slag ceramics with different MgO/Al2 O3 ratios were prepared in this study by changing the Al2 O3 and MgO contents
Production of steel slag ceramics includes the processes of proportioning of raw materials, ball milling and mixing, forming, drying, and firing
Summary
The rapid development of the iron and steel industry in China has resulted in increased steel slag production, accounting for values as high as 10–15% of total annual steel production [1,2]. The stockpile of steel slag in China has reached approximately 1.3 billion t [3], but the comprehensive utilization rate is only about 22% Such a large amount of steel slag occupies land for storage, and has adverse effects on the environment, such as leaching of heavy metal ions, causing surface water, groundwater, and air pollution, and eventually threatening human health. The influence of Fe2 O3 , CaO, and Al2 O3 on the performance, crystallization process, and densification process of steel slag ceramics was studied. Ai et al [22] prepared steel slag ceramics with different MgO contents, and studied the influence of MgO on sintering temperature and crystal phase. Considering the influence of Al2 O3 and MgO on the crystal phase and mechanical properties of ceramics, steel slag ceramics with different MgO/Al2 O3 ratios were prepared in this study by changing the Al2 O3 and MgO contents. The batch viscosity was calculated using FactSage software, and the influence of the MgO/Al2 O3 ratio on this parameter was discussed
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