Preparation of silica coated iron oxide nanoparticles using non-transferred arc plasma

Abstract

Silica coated iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared using non-transferred arc plasma. The plasma was discharged with argon. Vapors of iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, Si(OC2H5)4) were injected into a plasma torch with carrier gas and reacted in the plasma chamber. In addition, two types of reaction chambers that are a hot wall reactor and a cold wall reactor were used to investigate the effect of temperature gradient on the synthesis of silica coated iron oxide nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were collected on the chamber wall and bottom. Phase compositions of the obtained nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and the morphologies and the size distributions of the synthesized particles were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Additionally, elements mapping of the coated particles was performed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The phase composition of the prepared particles was mainly composed of amorphous silica and polycrystalline Fe3O4. It was confirmed that the silica was adsorbed on iron oxide particles or encapsulated iron oxide particles. Furthermore, the mechanism of the formation of silica coated iron oxide in the plasma chamber was predicted.