Abstract
A simple process to synthesize metal nitride particles was proposed using submerged arc discharge plasma in liquid nitrogen. Gibbs standard free energy was considered for the selection of the nitride-forming materials. In this study, titanium (Ti) and aluminum (Al) electrodes were used as raw materials for nitride particle preparation. Liquid nitrogen acted as a dielectric medium as well as a nitridation source in this process. A copper electrode was also used as a non-reactive material for comparison with the reactive Ti and Al electrodes. As the operating conditions of the experiments, the arc discharge current was varied from 5 A (low-power mode) to 30 A (high-power mode). The formation of titanium nitride (TiN) and aluminum nitride (AlN) was confirmed in the particles prepared in all experimental conditions by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The observation using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and a field emission transmission electron microscope (FE-TEM) indicated that the synthesized TiN particles showed a cubic morphology, whereas AlN particles containing unreacted Al showed a spherical morphology. The experiments using different metal electrode configurations showed that the anode generated most of the particles in this process. Based on the obtained results, a particle formation mechanism was proposed.
Highlights
Of the synthesized nanoparticles observed by a field operation with SU9000, The the morphologies samples of Al were coated with osmiumwere (Os) with approxiemission transmission electron microscope (FE-TEM, JEM-2010F, Jeol mately 5 nm thickness using Os plasma coating (Neoc-pro, Meiwafosis, Tokyo, Japan) The crystalline particles were identified by a selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern
The results indicated that the crystallinity of synthesized titanium nitride (TiN) was enhanced with increasing the current
The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that when the current increased, the intensities of aluminum nitride (AlN) peaks increased, while those of Al peaks decreased, 13 of 23 current, indicating that the crystallinity of synthesized AlN was enhanced with increasing similar to the Ti experiments
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Investigated the effect of discharge behavior by changing the electrode material As a product, they obtained Al, Ti, V, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ta, and W micro-size particles using a DC power supply [36]. Some studies have been reported to synthesize carbon-based functional materials [44] Most of these studies focused on plasma behaviors and their effects on the electrodes and products. As a novel and simple process for metal nitride particle preparation, submerged arc discharge plasma in liquid nitrogen was used, where liquid nitrogen acted as a nitrogen source as well as a dielectric medium. Nitride fine particles were synthesized from the electrode directly by submerged arc discharge in liquid nitrogen.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
