Abstract
Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) has good activity on brain diseases and was developed to be a drug applied in clinics for neurological disorders and nerve injury. It is difficult to isolate GM1 in industry scale from the brains directly. In this work, a simple and highly efficient method with high yield was developed for the isolation, conversion, and purification of GM1 from a pig brain. Gangliosides (GLS) were first extracted by supercritical CO2 (SCE). The optimum extraction time of GLS by SCE was 4 h, and the ratio of entrainer to acetone powder from the pig brain was 3:1 (v/w). GM1 was then prepared from GLS by immobilized sialidase and purified by reverse-phase silica gel. Sodium alginate embedding was used for the immobilization of sialidase. Under the optimized method, the yield of high-purity GM1 was around 0.056%. This method has the potential to be applied in the production of GM1 in the industry.
Highlights
GLS is a kind of acid glycosphingolipid containing sialic acid, which is composed of sphingol, fatty acid, and oligosaccharide chain [1,2]
Acetone was used to remove the large amount of water and the soluble impurities in the fresh pig brain before the extraction
Three batches of dry acetone were extracted from the pig brain; the average extraction yields of the acetone powder was 22.6%
Summary
GLS is a kind of acid glycosphingolipid containing sialic acid, which is composed of sphingol, fatty acid, and oligosaccharide chain [1,2]. Gangliosides play important roles in a variety of biological processes [3,4]. GM1 can penetrate the blood–brain barrier and has very good activity on brain diseases. It is used to clinically treat neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer0 s disease, Parkinson0 s disease, and stroke [5,6,7,8]. GLS is widely distributed in the tissues of mammals, especially in cerebral and nervous tissue. In 1957, Folch et al extracted total lipid extract from various tissues with the method of solvent extraction [9]. The chromatographic method is widely used to isolate and purify
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