Abstract
A large-area MnO2 stalagmite nanorod arrays (SNAs) growing vertically on flexible substrates were successfully fabricated by an easy heat-electrodeposition method. The large specific capacitance (646.4 F g−1 at 500 mA g−1) and excellent rate capability (42.3% retention with 40 times of increase) indicate that the prepared MnO2 SNAs flexible electrode has outstanding electrochemical performance. Furthermore, after 5,000 repetitions of CV tests, the overall specific capacitance could retain ~101.2% compared with the initial value meant a long cycling life. These outstanding properties could be ascribed to the effective conductive transport path between Ni substrate and MnO2 nanorods, and owing to the stalagmite like structure of MnO2 nanorods, the exposed sufficient active sites are beneficial to the electrolyte infiltration.
Highlights
The expanding requirement for energy consumption has stimulated the development of electrochemical energy storage devices (Simon and Gogotsi, 2008)
Manganese dioxide (MnO2) is one of the rapid developed metal oxide electrode materials in recent years (Wang et al, 2015). α-MnO2 has a high specific capacitance among the various crystallographic structures of MnO2, which is mainly due to its largest tunnel (Sanger et al, 2016) that can store more foreign cations for charge balance
Except for the two strong peaks of 3D Ni foam substrate, the X-ray diffractometer (XRD) diffraction pattern in Figure 1 shows that other peaks at 12.8, 28.8, 36.7, 37.5, 56.4, 60.3, 65.1, and 69.7◦, which are characteristic (110), (310), (400), (211), (600), (521), (002), and
Summary
The expanding requirement for energy consumption has stimulated the development of electrochemical energy storage devices (Simon and Gogotsi, 2008). The prepared electrode gets capacitance of 646.4 F g−1 (500 mA g−1) and 42.3% retention (current density increased 40 times) for a remarkable rate capability.
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