Preparation of Er 3+:YAlO 3/Fe-doped TiO 2–ZnO and its application in photocatalytic degradation of dyes under solar light irradiation

Abstract

In this work, Er 3+:YAlO 3/Fe-doped TiO 2–ZnO composite, a novel photocatalyst, was synthesized by ultrasonic dispersion and liquid boiling method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Of which, as an upconversion luminescence agent, the Er 3+:YAlO 3 can transform the visible light in solar energy into ultraviolet light, satisfying the requirement of TiO 2–ZnO composite for photocatalytic degradation. The photocatalytic activity of Er 3+:YAlO 3/Fe-doped TiO 2–ZnO composite was evaluated through the degradation of Acid Red B dye under solar light irradiation. The effects of preparation conditions such as Er 3+:YAlO 3 content, heat-treated temperature and heat-treated time on the photocatalytic activity of Er 3+:YAlO 3/Fe-doped TiO 2–ZnO composite were examined. In addition, the influences of solar light irradiation time, dye initial concentration and Er 3+:YAlO 3/Fe-doped TiO 2–ZnO amount as well as organic dyes on the photocatalytic degradation were also investigated. The experimental results indicated that the Er 3+:YAlO 3/Fe-doped TiO 2–ZnO composite can effectively utilize solar energy to degrade Acid Red B dye and its photocatalytic activity was much superior to that of Fe-doped TiO 2–ZnO composite under the same condition.