Abstract
In this study, cerium oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite were incorporated into the carbon ceramic electrode (CeO2–MWCNTs/CCE) as a renewable electrode for the electrocatalytic purposes. To demonstrate capability of the fabricated electrode, determination of tamoxifen as an important anticancer drug with differential pulse voltammetry technique was evaluated in details. Linear range, limit of detection and sensitivity of the developed sensor were found to be 0.2–40 nM, 0.132 nM and 1.478 µA nM−1 cm−2, respectively. Ease of production, low cost and high electron transfer rate of the CeO2–MWCNTs/CCE promises it as a novel electro-analytical tool for determination of important species in real samples.
Highlights
Tamoxifen (TAM) is a nonsteroidal antiestrogen of the triphenylethylene family and belong to selective estrogen receptor modulators drugs which has been widely used for prevention and cure of breast cancer
Cerium oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite was incorporated into the carbon ceramic electrode (CeO2-MWCNTs/CCE) as a renewable electrode for the electrocatalytic purposes
According to these images CeO2-MWCNTs nanocomposite were uniformity distributed on the surface of CCE and MWCNTs were properly covered the surface of CeO2
Summary
Tamoxifen (TAM) is a nonsteroidal antiestrogen of the triphenylethylene family and belong to selective estrogen receptor modulators drugs which has been widely used for prevention and cure of breast cancer. Various analytical methods have been used to determine TAM including high-performance liquid chromatography, spectrofluorimetry, spectrophotometry, capillary electrophoresis, voltammetry and etc. Due to fouling of electrodes during the determination of drugs, there is a critical challenge for utilizing anti-fouling materials, disposable kits, carbon paste and carbon composite electrodes. Carbon ceramic electrode (CCE) is a class of carbon composite electrodes which have has attracted a lot of attention in electrochemistry due to low cost, fast electron transfer rate and renewable surface. Various materials could be entrapped into the sol-gel matrix during the hydrolysis of alkoxysilane and gelation process. Carbon nanotubes with excellent conductivity, high surface area and catalytic activity are appropriate candidate for incorporation into sol-gel matrix for electro-catalytic applications
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