Preparation of Bifunctional Catalysts by Solid-state Ion Exchange in Zeolites, Their Characterisation and Catalytic Testing

Abstract

Publisher Summary In recent systematic studies Karge et al. have shown that acid alkaline earth- or rare earth-containing zeolite catalysts can be prepared via solid-state reaction between salts of the ingoing cation and zeolites. This chapter presents the results of experiments aimed at the preparation of bifunctional zeolite catalysts by solid-state ion exchange, their characterization and catalytic testing. Reduction of the Pd, Ca, H-ZSM-5 catalysts, prepared via successive solid-state ion exchange, provided active and selective bifunctional catalysts for hydrogenation (to ethylcyclohexane) and hydroisomerization (to dimethylcyclohexanes) of ethylbenzene and dehydrogenation of ethylcyclohexane (to ethylbenzene and xylenes); undesired disproportionation reactions and hydrocracking were suppressed.