Preparation of Barium Titanate-Based Ferroelectric Ceramics by Solid-Phase Sintering and Its Energy Storage Performance

Abstract

Barium titanate has been a widely used dielectric material due to its favorable properties, including high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, stable dielectric behavior and a cost-effective price. In this study a novel barium titanate-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics, Nax/2Lax/2Ba1−x TiO3, was prepared using multi-element chemical doping substitution and solid-phase sintering method. Investigations into the optimal processing conditions and compositional ratios for ceramics have led to significant insights into their microstructural and macroscopic attributes. Specifically, the ceramic composed of Na0.075La0.075Ba0.85, with a composition parameter x equal to 0.15, has demonstrated prominent characteristics of a relaxor ferroelectric. This ceramic composition achieved an impressive energy storage efficiency, reaching up to 93.9%. In the context of energy storage under specific conditions, notable efficiencies were observed. The highest density of energy storage achieved was 0.342 J/cm3, while the energy that could be effectively recovered registered at 0.304 J/cm3. These measurements were recorded under the influence of an electric field with an intensity of 60 kilovolts per centimeter. These findings suggest that ceramics based on barium titanate possess considerable potential for application in energy storage systems, marking them as promising materials in this field.