Preparation of a magnetic polystyrene nanocomposite for dispersive solid-phase extraction of copper ions in environmental samples

Ali Jabbari,Maede Salamat,Ali Mehdinia

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-60232-x

Abstract

The core shell nanostructure of magnetic polystyrene (PS@Fe3O4) was prepared and its physic-chemical properties were studied FT-IR, SEM, TEM, VSM and BET + BJH. The new adsorbent was applied in the dispersive solid phase extraction technique for measuring copper ions in water, Soil and Oyster samples. Analysis is carried out using a flame atomic absorption spectrometry system. Effective parameters on extraction efficiency, such as pH of extraction solution, sorbent dosage, contact time, concentration and volume of desorption eluent and desorption time were optimized using one at a time method. N2 adsorption-desorption experiment resulted in high BET surface area (32.002 m2 g−1) and large pore volume (0.1794 cm3 g−1) for PS@ Fe3O4 nanocomposite. Under the optimum conditions, a calibration curve within the range of 5–40 ng mL−1 with an appropriate coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9946 was obtained. Preconcentration factor (PF) and limit of detection (LOD) were found to be 55 and 1.6 ng mL−1, respectively. The repeatability and reproducibility for three replicate measurements at the concentration of 25 ng mL−1 were 2.5%–1.4%, respectively. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were consistent to experimental data in adsorption mechanism study. The maximum adsorption capacity was 19.56 mg g−1 for Cu (II). Finally, the efficiency of the method was investigated for analysis of the copper in environmental samples and good relative recoveries (RR%) were obtained within the range of 99.2% to 101.2%.

Highlights

The core shell nanostructure of magnetic polystyrene (PS@Fe3O4) was prepared and its physic-chemical properties were studied Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), SEM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), VSM and BET + BJH
The results indicate that the adsorbent has acceptable adsorption capacity and preconcentration factor compared to other adsorbents
A new adsorbent (PS@Fe3O4) with core-shell structure was synthesized to extract copper ions in aqueous samples. This adsorbent was first used in the process of extraction of solid phase to remove copper ions

Summary

Introduction

The core shell nanostructure of magnetic polystyrene (PS@Fe3O4) was prepared and its physic-chemical properties were studied FT-IR, SEM, TEM, VSM and BET + BJH. Various methods e.g. membrane filtration, ion exchange, absorption, chemical precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction and electrochemical precipitation have been used to remove heavy metals[6]. Nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention as adsorbent, according to their unique physical and chemical characteristics Some of these structures can be pointed to the small size and increased surface to volume which gives them different thermal, mechanical and electronic properties. These nanomaterials include metals, polymers, semiconductors, and carbon-based materials[8,9]. Properties of these structures, in addition to their size, are related to the nature of core and shell materials These properties include chemical, physical, catalytic, electrical and optical properties. In synthesis of the adsorbent, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were as the core and the styrene is polymerized around the magnetic core as the shell

Methods

Results

Conclusion