Abstract
ABSTRACT As an essential trace element for animals, copper significantly contributes to the growth and health of animals. Compared to inorganic trace elements, organic trace elements are better supplements; notably, they are acquired through microbial transformation. Therefore, we screened for copper-enriched microorganisms from high copper content soil to obtain organic copper. Sodium diethyldithio carbamate trihydrate was applied as a chromogenic agent for determining micro amounts of intracellular copper through spectrophotometry. In total, 50 fungi were isolated after the successful application of the screening platform for copper-rich microbes. Following morphological and molecular biology analyses, the N-2 strain, identified as Aspergillus niger sp. demonstrated showed better copper enrichment potential than others. Notably, the strain tolerance to copper was nearly thrice that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, up to 1600mg/L. The content of the organic bound copper was 22.84mg Cu/g dry cell. Using the Central Composite Design (CCD) response surface method, we optimized the fermentation condition (inoculation amount, 13%; temperature, 28(C; pH, 5.0). Compared to the original strain results under the single factor fermentation condition, we reported an increase by 24.18% under the optimized conditions. Collectively, these findings provide a reference for uncovering new and low-cost organic copper additives.
Highlights
Animals utilize copper as an essential trace element, which is vital in forming numerous important oxidases in the body
Based on the assumption that strains with high copper transformation potentially exist, a method for screening copper-rich microorganisms from the soil was established
Its intracellular copper content was high, at 22.84mg/g. This screening method provided a novel avenue for further research on organic trace element additives and uncovered a specific application prospect
Summary
Animals utilize copper as an essential trace element, which is vital in forming numerous important oxidases in the body. Subsequent studies confirmed that high copper content obviously promotes the growth of pigs, increase the daily weight gain of weaned piglets, and improve feed efficiency (Braude, 1945). High doses of copper are associated with problems including its persistence in livestock and poultry, reduction in the quality of livestock products, and environmental harm caused by the unabsorbed portions (Liu et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2015). In some countries, such as China, the addition of copper in feed is restricted. There is an urgent need for the breeding industry to urgently uncover a new and efficient additive copper source, which both comply with the national regulations and improve the production performance of pigs
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