Preparation and Influence Mechanism of High-Efficiency Bamboo-Based Conductive Carbon Powder by One-Step Carbonization

Abstract

Conductive carbon materials from biomass have recently attract scholars’ interest, but their preparation usually requires both high carbonization temperature and multiple carbonization process. To solve the above problems, bamboo industrial powder (BP) waste was used as raw materials and mixed directly with FeCl3 as the catalyst, followed by conducting pyrolysis and one-step carbonization to prepare conductive carbon powder. Influence of the mass ratio of BP to FeCl3, carbonization temperature and carbonization time on the conductivity of BC was surveyed. According to comprehensive performance of the resulting bamboo charcoal (BC), the best conditions were identified as carbonization at 1300 °C for 2 h with the mass ratio of BP to FeCl3 for 50:1. Under the conditions, the graphite structure transformed from amorphous structure was confirmed by XRD and Raman. And the well-defined lattice fringes were observed and presented as the curve structure with the spacing of 0.340 nm, which was the sign of the graphitic structure. Under optimal conditions, the conductivity value reached 38.08 S·cm−1. This work provides a theoretical basis for the formation of highly graphitized BC from bamboo in one-step method and the highly value-added conductive BC has a potential application in electromagnetic shielding and electrochemistry.