Abstract
5-Azido-3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole, its methyl derivative and potassium salt were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic methods. The crystal structures were determined by low temperature single crystal X-ray diffraction. The interactions between the molecules or ions were analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, all compounds were tested according to BAM (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung) methods.
Highlights
New non-toxic and environmentally-friendly primary explosives, such as lead azide replacement, are of recent interest in our research group
In this study we report on the preparation and characterization of 5-azido-3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole and its potassium salt, which shows the desired characteristics for primary explosives
While suitable single crystals of the parent compound 1 were obtained upon removal of the ethyl acetate solvent in a rotary evaporator as colorless blocks, the methylated derivative 2 yielded colorless, fine needles directly from the reaction mixture upon cooling down to room temperature
Summary
New non-toxic and environmentally-friendly primary explosives, such as lead azide replacement, are of recent interest in our research group. In this study we report on the preparation and characterization of 5-azido-3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazole and its potassium salt, which shows the desired characteristics for primary explosives. Besides high sensitivities to various stimuli, for example impact or friction, a main characteristic is a fast deflagration-to-detonation transition. The title compound is already literature known at least since 1974 [1], we were not able to find reliable data on its preparation or characterization (spectroscopy, X-ray, sensitivities, etc.)
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